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Abstract Details
First detection of HBV nucleic acid in the lung tissue of a patient with spontaneous recovery from HBV infection by tNGS: a case report.
Zhenzhen, Li (L);Xiaoqing, Dai (D);Lan-Ting, Zhou (Z);Xiaoxia, Yang (Y);Xiaochuan, Shui (S);Ming, Chang (C);Zhengjiang, Cheng (C);Shaojun, Huang (H);
BACKGROUND: After recovery from hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, the virus is likely to reactivate once the body is in an immunosuppressed state. Currently, routine liver biopsies are difficult to obtain, and there are few reports on HBV nucleic acid detection in biopsies of other human organs and tissues. Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing (tNGS) can precisely focus on specific gene regions. Through high-throughput sequencing techniques, it can efficiently obtain a large amount of target nucleic acid sequence information and is widely applied in fields such as disease gene detection and tumor molecular diagnosis. With the development of tNGS, a new path has been opened for HBV nucleic acid detection in different organs, tissues and body fluids, offering hope to break through the current predicament.
CASE PRESENTATION: This case is about a 78-year-old male patient. He was first hospitalized for pulmonary infection. During this hospitalization, tNGS of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid sample detected a small amount of hepatitis B virus nucleic acid sequences. Two months later, he was re - hospitalized due to cough and expectoration. TNGS of his transthoracic lung fine needle aspiration sample showed a high number of hepatitis B virus nucleic acid sequences. The serological test results during hospitalization indicated that the patient was in a state of spontaneous recovery from hepatitis B virus infection, with HBsAg negative, Anti - HBs positive, Anti - HBc positive, and HBV nucleic acid negative. Fluorescent quantitative PCR detected HBV nucleic acid in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid sample and the transthoracic lung fine needle aspiration sample at different times.
CONCLUSION: This case study is the first to use tNGS to precisely analyze the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid sample and the transthoracic lung fine needle aspiration sample from different sampling periods. It accurately identifies HBV nucleic acid replication in the lungs of patients with spontaneous HBV - infection recovery, offering new ideas and evidence for HBV research in extra - hepatic tissues.
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